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The Publisher's Desk
October 17, 2004
Full Text Of My Speech To AP Managing Editors
I didn't read the speech ... I delivered from memory, with a PowerPoint deck as speaker support (all images ... like this image of Dan Rather and the pajamas ... and no text; it's a big file, but if you're interested send and email and I'm happy to email it to you) so what I said is not verbatim what's posted below. That said, the speech text closely reflects my comments. [Update: Rather than email a 7 meg file all day, or upload one, I've pasted the slides into the speech itself below, consistent with where I "clicked" them.] I also have a number of reflections on how MSM is dealing with blogs and the Internet based on the day, and I'll try to put them together and post them soon. ******************** Good morning! It’s an honor to be here today, and I’m delighted to share my reflections on The Command Post, and what I think it means to the newsroom of the future ...
And so it’s a bit of a full circle that I stand here today ... and I think Ray clearly passed some of his passion for journalism along to me. Let me begin by providing some context about me, blogs, and Command Post.
They are dynamic and frequently updated They tend to comprise of brief entries that point to other items on the internet, or to other blogs Those entries are in reverse-chronological order, with the most recent content at the top of the page People generally have the ability to comment on individual posts And finally ... and this is very important ... blogs are written in the first person, and the author’s personality is very much a part of the posting and the site Additionally, bloggers tend to create communities of interest ... even camaraderie ... among themselves, extending the participation beyond the comments to cross-links and cross-discussions between blogs.
The site quickly became popular ... including in the CNN control room ... and we went from 1,000 visitors a day to 100,000 within about a week.
From the beginning, we’ve declared that The Command Post is not a professional news service … it’s just a group of bloggers trying to post the latest professional news that we have seen, heard, or read. In doing so we always cite, and where possible provide a link to, the original source, and we encourage readers to follow those links and see the original sources first-hand. In fulfilling that mission over the past 18 months, our contributors ... there are now 168 people worldwide with posting privileges ... have posted over 16,000 items on our four news pages, and our readers have posted over 140,000 individual comments about those items.
All in all, it’s not a bad hobby! But our success begs the question: Why? Why such interest and demand for citizen journalism? And that’s where the story ... a story that I think is highly consequential to the newsroom of the future ... really lies. Not in “what,” but “why” ... why so many people would turn to a blatantly non-professional source during a time in which one would think professionally-vetted news items would be of their greatest value. Is blogging truly a threat to mainstream media? Yes and no. I DO think traditional journalism faces a real problem ... one that you have to address if you’re to maintain not just credibility, but readership, in the future. And it’s not about accessibility or credibility or the appeal of blogger journalists ... it’s about the new economy. The fact is that information technology in general, and the Internet in particular, have unleashed a force of economic and social change of great consequence on nearly all of our established institutions. In his book Next, author Michael Lewis noted that the Internet commercializes and democratizes everything it touches, and it weakens those who have drawn power from having privileged access ... gatekeepers. And over the past decade or so, it’s made fundamental changes in how we do business. Just five years ago, did anyone here even imagine that they’d be able to find and purchase a diamond ring directly from a merchant in Singapore, after considering equivalent options in Florida and Germany? Or think about banking ... 10 years ago, if you wanted a bank, you went to the bank down the street. Now you can open an account, make transfers, pay checks ... even get cash ... all without ever setting a foot in a branch. Housing ... cars ... travel ... the list goes on. And in each case the circumstances are the same ... the ability to compete on price becomes less important ... commercialization ... and the ability to control the information shifts from seller to buyer ... democratization. In fact, if there is one general rule for the new economy, it’s that information technology has transferred the power of economic exchange from the seller to the consumer ... ... in being able to find what they want, in their ability to negotiate on price, in their ability to demand just what they want, just how they want it. And so if there’s something in our story that can inform the newsroom of the future, we need to see it as a story of economics and social change, rather than just a story of citizen reporters and open-source journalism. Now, when I think about Command Post within that context, there are four lessons I see for you as editors and journalists as you wrestle with the future of your craft. I call them the Law of the Flow, the Law of the Fast, the Law of the Few, and the Law of the Many.
If you’ve ever taken a class in macroeconomics, you might remember learning about “stocks” and “flows.” In economics, a stock is something that is accumulated over time ... furniture in your house is a stock. A flow is something that occurs over time, and tends to change the level of a stock. Income and savings are examples of flows. And one of the conversations you have in macroeconomics is about money, and whether it’s a stock or a flow ... and increasingly, as money has become more ubiquitous with credit cards, checks, cash, PayPal ... money is more of a flow than a stock. It’s not something you ever really have as much as it’s something that flows from place to place as a means of accumulating the stocks you DO have. Here’s the lesson from Command Post: information in general, and news in particular, is now a flow, and not a stock.
And in news, the journalists had the facts, and the editors acted as brokers, making choices about what would be reported and what wouldn’t. Not the case now. The Internet hates brokers. It KILLS brokers. Now, because of the Internet, everyone with a computer, an email address and a browser is a point of distribution ... the only thing needed for information to “get out” is an interest on the part of one person to supply it, and a demand on the part of another person to have it. When you have a billion people connected to each other, there is a supply and a demand for everything ... and when you have search engines like Google, they actually have the ability to find each other. This is why technologists like to say that “information wants to be free.” In a connected world, it’s no longer possible to make discretionary choices about what gets reported and what doesn’t. The Command Post is simply a clearinghouse for news ... a medium for the flow ... and our contributors enrich that flow with information from a global network of newspapers, radio, TV, direct observation, and emails sent by readers. So the lesson from the law of the flow: Your ability to choose when and how something is reported, and the timeline over which you can hold information as you make that choice, are more compressed every day. Anyone can spill the beans, and with the web and email, everyone has access to the beans. The important question to ask about a piece of information ... and especially highly relevant information ... is no longer “if,” it’s “when.” In his book The Lexus and the Olive Tree, New York Times writer Thomas Friedman discusses the effects of globalization, and one of his tenets is that in the old economy, the large consumed the small ... and that in the new economy, the fast consumes the slow. Information technology and the internet continually shorten cycle times ... how long it takes to complete work, evaluate data, plan, share information ... whatever. The game now is about being nimble ... being able to respond first to changing circumstances and opportunities. And as a result consumers have a constantly increasing set of expectations for responsiveness. Once one provider gets it done in 30 seconds, it’s awfully difficult to keep getting it done in 45. And this is one place where the Command Post has a powerful message for the newsroom of the future ... that newsroom, whatever else happens, needs to be FAST ... because, remember, with information it’s no longer about if, it’s about when. The Command Post is very, very fast. Any one of our 168 contributors can witness, read, hear, or see a news item, and can have that item online for a global audience in less than 30 seconds.
When Edwards was selected as the Vice Presidential nominee, our first post was up at 7:43 a.m., citing a red banner on FOXNews.com. Then at 7:54 a.m. I posted, from my hotel room, that NPR had made the announcement official, and sent out a breaking news alert, one which preceded the CNN breaking news alert by almost three hours. And here’s the kicker ... we weren’t even first. The story had first broken overnight on an aviation enthusiast web site, where one of the authors had noticed the Kerry campaign jet at Pittsburgh International now read “Kerry/Edwards” ... a great example of the law of the flow AND the law of the fast. So the lesson: if it’s going to satisfy consumers, the newsroom of the future MUST be incredibly fast. And here’s the problem: your editorial structures nearly prohibit you from ever becoming as fast as the bloggers ... every gatekeeper along the way slows the flow. Your counter might be that you’ll get the facts right ... but I’ll address that in a minute. Another book for you to read: The Tipping Point by Malcolm Gladwell, who writes for the New Yorker. It’s a book about the diffusion of information ... how ideas spread through social systems. One of the things he writes about is how not all people are equal in the social network based on how often they communicate, to whom, and how much influence they have ... and he describes two types of people in particular: connectors and mavens. Connectors have extremely large communication networks, and what’s important about those networks is that they involve people from many different worlds, not just one. They are uber-networkers. Mavens are information geeks ... they live on information, love to surface new information, and love to share that information with others. These are the people who are always bringing you new restaurant recommendations, new books to read, new products to use. Mavens and connectors have always been out there ... the only problem was that their ability to connect and spread the message was primarily contained to those people with whom they lived or worked. The Internet, and weblogs in particular, have “lit up” the otherwise latent power of mavens and connected them in a very real way. A weblog is nothing more than a megaphone for a maven ... and the Internet serves to make mavens instantly connected to the rest of the world ... and more important ... to other mavens. There’s a very important lesson here: bloggers should not be underestimated. They are not just average people ... they are people who, long before blogs came along ... had the ability to surface information and present it to others in a persuasive and compelling way. They are opinion leaders, and weblogs have only served to exponentially increase their reach and their power. There’s a second lesson here: and it’s that weblogs, written by mavens, are also read by mavens. And so there’s an accelerant effect for information flowing through the network. When something comes up in the blogosphere it’s talked about by a few thousand people who drive opinion for large networks of people around them ... which is why the mainstream media ultimately has had to recognize issues raised by bloggers ... they’re things people are talking about. And there’s a third lesson: It’s that while the network kills brokers, it LOVES editors. Mavens are editors ... the people around them trust them to cull the information that’s out there and surface what’s worth attending to. I don’t bother to try every new restaurant in town ... I rely on my local food maven to try them for me. I think that in the newsroom of the future the role of the editor will change ... from someone who works primarily as a gatekeeper of the facts with an interest in quality, to someone who “serves” the reader as a consumer based on an understanding of what readers will consider relevant ... ... and on an understanding that readers will judge the veracity of the content based on comparisons to a much larger and transparent flow of information and ideas.
One of the critiques about weblogs is that there is no editorial process ... in terms of judging the quality of the facts or what readers would consider relevant. This critique was famously leveled during Dan Rather’s recent troubles by Jonathan Klein, former EVP of CBS News, who stated: "You couldn't have a starker contrast between the multiple layers of check and balances [at '60 Minutes'] and a guy sitting in his living room in his pajamas writing." This comment perfectly illustrates a fundamentally wrong premise held by many in mainstream media ... the fact is that in the long run weblogs will have a better system of checks and balances than will any media outlet, and it’s because of the law of the many.
Rathergate is a perfect example of this. To recount the history, shortly after 60 minutes ran its story about the Guard memos, a reader of the Free Republic weblog posted a comment doubting their authenticity. Other mavens then started to post about that question on their blogs, and some of the more active bloggers started contacting typographers, others were recreating the memos using Microsoft Word ... and all the time they were linking to each other, developing information in real time ... remember the law of the fast. Before long, one blogger even traced the fax number on the memos to the Texas Kinko’s from whence it came ... and learned from the manager that Bill Burkett ... the ultimate source ... had an account. The Rather story illustrates all of these laws ... the information flowed and CBS couldn’t control it ... it happened very quickly, faster than CBS could keep up ... and connected mavens drove the process as it developed, and ultimately into the mainstream. But most of all, it illustrates the Law of the Many ... that when a marketplace of tens of thousands of people considers a piece of information, the truth inevitably will surface with greater speed and efficiency than when only a few people consider that information ... just as surely as an internet-driven a global market for diamond rings or interest rates drives price down and quality up. And it works both ways ... when a blogger posts something dubious, those same tens of thousands of readers and mavens quickly debunk and dismiss that information as not factual, and it goes nowhere. And that’s one of the things people value about Command Post ... it allows them a forum to not just receive media, but to participate in it in a real and tangible way ... not by way of a letter to the editor that likely won’t get published ... but by way of transparent commentary that will be immediately seen by everyone else who traffics the site. And that’s the best editorial and quality process we could ever have. The lesson: the newsroom of the future is going to have to reconcile itself to the Law of the Many ... there will be thousands of people who will not only scrutinize your reporting, but they will do so via a network that can tangibly drive public awareness and opinion. It’s like the old joke where the small-town publisher said, "People in our town don't subscribe to the newspaper to read the news, they subscribe to see if we got it right." Today, the entire world is your small town ... and we’re all reading to see if you got it right. My advice? Embrace reader participation ... like the laws of the flow, fast, and few, the law of the many is inevitable, and you’re better off engaging bloggers and readers as part of the process ... it means more openness, and more tolerance for feedback and criticism ... but when it comes to the mob, I’d rather have them working with me than against me. ... as you consider the newsroom of the future do so within the context of the economic and social reality we face. Journalism and news, like everything else in the marketplace ... is becoming increasingly commoditized and democratized. You need to start thinking of your readers not as readers, but as consumers who engage with you in an economic exchange of value, and who do so in a world where the value equation has changed. And that’s the key question: How will you add value in the newsroom of the future? The value you provided used to reside in your control over distribution ... now distribution is ubiquitous ... It also used to reside the ability of your reporters to bear witness and do so in a timely fashion ... and while you still have access to some forums, like the Whitehouse press room ... that the layperson does not, the fact is that people at the Whitehouse ... they blog too. Indeed, now everyone with an internet connection is a reporter, and they can all report in real time. So where is the value for the newsroom of the future? It might be in doing little to no national or international coverage ... coverage that’s highly commoditized and democratized ... and instead offering a deep, detailed level of local coverage that’s unrivaled and that readers value highly. Or it might be that the writing in the newspaper of the future looks more like news magazine writing ... a level of detail and analysis that the wire services don’t provide. Or it might be that ... like stock brokers ... you become more of a consultant, and less of an information broker ... offering not just news to your readers but expertise and counsel in how to deal with that news. Regardless, you’re absolutely going to have to find a new way to add new value. And while I’m not a technologist ... nor a journalist, although I play one on TV ... I think the Command Post is a signpost along the way. People read our site because for them, it adds unique value ... ... it respects the law of the flow, acting as a clearinghouse for global sources of information that allows readers to “triangulate” a story and resolve the “truth” for themselves ... ... it respects the law of the fast, providing information in real time, both through our contributors and those who comment ... ... it respects the law of the few, engaging mavens as contributors and feeding the desire of maven readers with well-selected and relevant content ... ... and it respects the law of the many, both in our large network of contributors, and by allowing our readers to not just read the stories, but to participate in them, discuss them, fact-check them, and inform them. The balance of power has changed ... the consumer is now the one in charge. He’s increasingly demanding unique and increased value, and however he likes it ... cars, banks, or news ... thanks to information technology, is how he expects to get it. And it’s an expectation he increasingly has the power to meet. If papers like the Herald-Journal are to remain relevant, it’s an expectation their newsroom of the future will have to satisfy ... or they’ll risk losing that consumer forever. Posted by Alan at October 17, 2004 10:43 AM | TrackBack Comments
How did the audience respond. Did they give you any feedback per what you had said. I think you are right on. Posted by: AllenS Good advice on hyperlocal.
Posted by: Laurence Simon My impression of the main news media is that they still do not truly understand that we have entered the Information Age and left the Industrial Age. Many of them still have their mindset based on events prior to 1989 (the fall of the Berlin Wall and demise of the U.S.S.R.). The news media (TV and print) are going to under go significant changes and they denigrate those who are leading the way at their own expense and ignorance. Posted by: Sapper6 Wow Alan, that was terrific! Congratulations on being invited, you are actually MSM, no? I too wonder, how was the reception?
Posted by: kdoh_2000 I think the speech was nothing short of brilliant. I bet most of them ignored you. Posted by: Charlie (Colorado) Excellent analysis. A shot across the bow. Perhaps the MSM will start to understand that the "Law of the Blog" rules in this new century. I wonder how long it will take for the gatekeeper society to get the message. As Dan Rather should surely understand (unless he is a total blockhead) biased and untruthful journalism will be shredded in plain view of the world in a matter of minutes (not hours, days or weeks.) Posted by: Nomorelies What a great summary of a fast moving target.
Posted by: Jay currie Very well put. I hope it does some good.
Posted by: Veeshir Just wanted to elaborate on the comment made above about the recent controversy in the Canadian blogosphere.
Posted by: Simon One I'm not sure the MSM will be able to make the adjustment. The basis for their business model - nay their very existence - is competition. Who can scoop whom? Who is the first to enlighten the masses. Who can bend the will of lesser beings to their own ideas. Above all else, who can deliver the most eyeballs to their advertisers.
Posted by: old_timer That was terrific! Posted by: CERDIP First of all - an fabulous talk, and I hope it stimulated some braincells a AP. Sapper6 in a comment above mentions the period between the fall of the Berlin wall and the fall of the Soviet Union. Yet that very time period may have been the birth of the information age as we talk about it now. PBS, of all people, began to offer Vremya (Time) the prime Soviet daily newscast available throughout the USSR with instantanious translation into English. I remember Gorbechov going to the Baltic countries and begging them on bended knee not to leave the Soviet Union. In a symbolic but yet a very real way this was a "tvlog" - we were watching offical Soviet TV trying to report the positive side of what anyone could see was the coming end of the USSR. As a postscript, my wife is Ukrainian from eastern Ukraine where Russian is the primary language. We are able to pick up 4 Russian language TV stations via satellite and one of them is Moscow Kanal 1 - and their prime news show is Vremya - little changed from the late 80s and early 90s - even the theme is the same. Posted by: Zerk I've got some related thoughts here. I think a good deal of the disconnect is a failure of the media to consider themselves a part of the story. The profusion of voices will force them to change this, but it need not have waited until the internet. Posted by: Brian O'Connell Brilliant thoughts. Well done.
Posted by: young jedi There's one big clue about who is and who is not following the MSM. Watch the commercials attached to the evening news. If their chief sponsor is Depends, what's that say? Young viewers deserted Dan Rather, et al, a long time ago. I'm betting newspapers and newsmagazines have a similarly skewed demographic as well. Does anyone know what it might be?
Posted by: old_timer Very well done, Alan. I have addressed that group myself, and they do need these insights. You gave them quite a bit to think about. I found your points about flow very useful.
Posted by: Jay Rosen Interesting juxtaposition/coincidence: After reading this article, I started perusing the election 2004 page... and was attracted by the "Bag News" advertisement about the NY Times giving Kerry poor photo opportunity.
Posted by: TBox Excellent analysis! I find it most interesting that swarming on the global info grid results in truth. That greater participation so effectively resolves dissenting opinions and seemingly irreconcilable facts. Who would have guessed it?
Posted by: ~ge~ Jay,
Posted by: JAM Great speech. How does your analysis accommodate the deeply researched article, sometimes occupying an investigative reporter for weeks or months, in the context of "fast", etc.
Posted by: Old Alan My question isn't what is the impact of blogs now and in the future, but instead, what new development will make bloggers obsolete. Where do we as bloggers need to go to keep ourselves at the forefront, rather than eventually becoming just another cog in the MSM that fades out before the light of a new medium? Posted by: Gullyborg
Another update on the Canadian blogosphere controversy described above (if anyone's interested).
The MSM pundit who was threatening litigation against blogosphere members has now suffered permanent career damage. What started as an effort on the part of blogosphere members to defend each other, continued into a group dissection of the pundits past record on the blogosphere. This turned up evidence that he was trying to spin a smear campaign in the blogosphere to undermine a judicial tribunal he will soon appear in front of. As the man is an accredited lawyer, this is very, very bad.
Moral of the story. If you're MSM, don't piss off the blogosphere, bad things will happen to you. You can read about it here Posted by: Simon One Old Alan: "Great speech. How does your analysis accommodate the deeply researched article, sometimes occupying an investigative reporter for weeks or months, in the context of “fast”, etc.
Posted by: Yasha Jay ... good point; one I neglected to make. Those policies are yet another inhibitor to fast in the face of the flow.
Posted by: Alan Alan:
Posted by: Ken Sands Gullyborg, I think the biggest threat to blogs is that we depend so much on the same media that we are a threat to. We need to further develope the skills and contacts that will allow us to actually be the SOURCE of the news and events we publish. We need to get into the Whitehouse Press Pool and other places that are still the realm of the MSM.
Posted by: Steve P Excellent speech. It's funny because in '94/'95 I worked w/Reuters and was explaining to the board of directors that the long term consequences of the Net would materially impact the news organization. That even w/all of their infrastructure in place and their sophisticated editorial systems and worldwide network, the Net would soon change all of this and enable centralized clearing site for people to report on events in real-time. At the time, I didn't think it would take 10 yrs for this to happen ;-) The Law of the Fast however, indicates that it's only a matter of time before the news feed providers start getting challenged in similar ways as the newspapers. Posted by: P-Air Fascinating speech, providing some solid terminology for many evolving issues.
Posted by: eli Yo, Alan, you know I loved the speech...I hope you could tell by my reaction. But...um...I thought we were getting insight into the event as well...would love to know more about their reactions.
Posted by: Carolynne ..the future looks marvelous..but it takes a special mind to grasp its change and adapt..if not you play catch up or get left behind..might not be Bill Gates..but I can see a bright future.. cutting edge is where the blodsphere is right now..but tomorrow ..your imagination is the only limitation..one mans ceiling is one mans floor..outstanding work.. Posted by: Rob_NC While I agree with just about everything in the speech (and for those who are amazed at the Law of Many, read The Wisdom of Crowds), I wonder if we can measure the impact of this sea-change on how informed our electorate is.
Posted by: Michael O Good speech -- informative, concise and original.
Posted by: rbbro Michael O, I googled "misleader.org" and found that it is a MoveOn.org front. As such, they are less interested in facts than in providing ammo for Bush-bashing.
Posted by: Esky I disagree also about the lack of technology or intelligence of the republicans. All of my republican friends, myself included are VERY computer savvy. I distrust the MSM because its very premise is decietful and corrupt. Big business owns big media = Stories with bug business spin attached .... ALL the while your mentally held hostage to their commercially advertised machine. I am SICK of being "marketed to" |