May 20, 2003
"If We Run Out of Batteries, This War is Screwed."
By Joshua Davis, Wired Magazine.
This is a reporters eye view of the networking and communications technology used in Iraq.
The history of warfare is marked by periodic leaps in technology - the triumph of the longbow at Crécy, in 1346; the first decisive use of air power, in World War I; the terrifying destructiveness of nuclear weapons at Hiroshima, in 1945. And now this: a dazzling array of technology that signals the arrival of digital warfare. What we saw in Gulf War II was a new age of fighting that combined precision weapons, unprecedented surveillance of the enemy, agile ground forces, and - above all - a real-time communications network that kept the far-flung operation connected minute by minute.
Welcome to the so-called revolution in military affairs, the new theory of war that Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld has been promoting since he arrived at the Pentagon in 2001. Generals at Central Command, in Qatar, put the concept into practice as they sent troops racing toward Baghdad, hopscotching across Iraq, and sidestepping enemy assaults. If rear units were attacked, if supply lines were threatened - so the theory went - the technology would allow soldiers to spot the problem quickly enough to dispatch defenders, who would swarm to the rescue. Information would take the place of a massive troop presence on the ground. Dead sheep could be safely ignored. In short, the war was a grand test of the netcentric strategy in development since the first Gulf War.
At least, that's the triumphal view from the Pentagon briefing room. But what was it like on the ground? As Wired's war correspondent, I tracked the network from the generals' plasma screens at Central Command to the forward nodes on the battlefields in Iraq. What I discovered was something entirely different from the shiny picture of techno-supremacy touted by the proponents of the Rumsfeld doctrine. I found an unsung corps of geeks improvising as they went, cobbling together a remarkable system from a hodgepodge of military-built networking technology, off-the-shelf gear, miles of Ethernet cable, and commercial software. And during two weeks in the war zone, I never heard anyone mention the revolution in military affairs.
(Hat tip: Metapop)
Posted By joy at May 20, 2003 02:05 PM
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No battle plan ever survives contact with the enemy.
Therefore, he who improvises best is most likely to be the winner.
Oh PLEASE!!!
" the terrifying destructiveness of nuclear weapons at Hiroshima"
That was a tiny nuke, MOAB has more guts than that, as well as other conventional means.
small boy and fat man were just the last nails in the coffin for japan imperialists.
Give credit to the pacific fleet, not just the USA ones either, Canadian and British who fought hand to hand, bullet to bullet.
Lets not forget that all the countries that Japan invaded, were not "nuked". They were liberated by a strong coalition of brave men.
It is true, that military developments happen during war times, I don't dispute that. But if you look back, the germans had superior strength in Air, rockets etc. Avro Air from canada developed the lancaster bomber, and other Commonwealth air craft, and later, Americans made truly fine machines.
It was however, a war which the free world desperately was behind in, trying to catch up, and gain superiority in, and it was the will of all people in that coalition that made it happen.
I do not try to belittle the American effort in ww2, If it wasn't for the Americans, their drive to develop new technical, put the industry in hi gear, we most certainly would have lost the war.
God bless America, Canada, the UK, Australia, and all the other 'coalition of the willing during that period, If it wasn't for all those brave, daring men and women in uniform, we would probably be living in a much different world, if any of us would be living at all.
we honer those fallen men every remembrance day,
"least we forget"
The disgusting act of vandalism in France on the grave markers of our fallen heroes is an indicator of what France thinks of the free world, and they rightly deserve the "bad press" they are whining about.
One should never confuse "as seen on TV" with reality. The real thing is usually easy to spot because it is rarely much short of chaos to look at. The result is what is judged, not the packging.
Amen, Bubba. Methinks the author is not as keen on his history as he is on networking.
If I were tasked to look at battlefield innovations (not that I'm an expert), I'd be more likely to address the impact of air power as a hallmark of WW II and speak to the machinegun and armor in relation to WW I. Other great examples would be the rifle and iron clads of the Civil War and helicopters and air mobility in Vietnam.
Another sterling example that the Military -- much like the US Gov't -- is a system designed by geniuses to be run by idiots.
I read another good post here the other day which pointed out the lack of thinking the media armchair crowd displays. The snake, coiling and uncoiling. Time lengh and distance.
Cuddos to the writer of that. Hopefully, some Journalists will read that and use it as an example to remind themselves that thinking is a useful gift of the human mind
"Another sterling example that the Military -- much like the US Gov't -- is a system designed by geniuses to be run by idiots."
I've drawn combat pay in two different conflicts three decades apart and its always like that. The fog of war stuff. Improvising and making do are ALWAYS the order of the day. Never confuse the ideal model with what will happen. Never overlook the NCO with a strong sense of the informal ways of getting supplies and getting things done.
Mike Hoar cobbling together mercenaries in the Congo in the '60's talks about all these heros showing about who were sergeant-major this and colonel that and he knew they were mostly phonies.
Rolf Steiner showed up with a rifle and a typewriter and Hoar knew he was the real thing and had been to war before.
You want permission to do an operation which seizes the initiative? Have powerpoint software to make the pitch.
Yuppers... Probably not a bad idea for an Xbox game or three in the bag as well. You know, for Colonel This or Sargeant Major That to 'play' with... Outside the tent we're playing GlobalThermonuclearWar...
They are alot of video training aids in the military, Maybe that's another reason the troops are good at reacting. video games to real pilots.
I think we have all flown an f16 and shot down, ran missions, etc from our PC chairs....tanks, artillery, etc.
We've trained them for 18 years before they joined the army. Now, they get to use real toys, forget that simulator........
Just a point for the sake of accuracy. The MOAB has just a fraction of the power of even the old Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombs. A lot of people make a mistake in comparing the two because of similar numbers but different orders of magnitude.
The MOAB has an effective blast force equivalent to (I can't recall precisely) about 25000lbs of TNT - about 12 tons if I recall my Imperial measures :).
The Hiroshima bomb was the equivalent of 15 kilotons. Pay close attention to the "kilo" part of that, because that means 1000x :)
So 12 tons, versus 15,000 tons. Big difference :)
-Vic
For me, one of the most frightening photos of the war showed an Army private staring into a thick Microsoft NT4 Server manual.
Jim Lacey was one of the imbedded reporters with the 101st.
The Men Who Won The War
By Jim Lacey
Since returning from Iraq a short time ago I have been answering a lot of questions about the war from friends, family, and strangers. When they ask me how it was over there I find myself glossing over the fighting, the heat, the sandstorms, and the flies (these last could have taught the Iraqi army a thing or two about staying power). Instead, I talk about the soldiers I met, and how they reflected the best of America. A lot of people are going to tell the story of how this war was fought; I would rather say something about the men who won the war.
War came early for the 1st Brigade of the 101st Airborne when an otherwise quiet night in the Kuwaiti desert was shattered by thunderous close-quarters grenade blasts. Sgt. Hasan Akbar, a U.S. soldier, had thrown grenades into an officers' tent, killing two and wounding a dozen others. Adding to the immediate confusion was the piercing scream of SCUD alarms, which kicked in the second Akbar's grenade exploded. For a moment, it was a scene of near panic and total chaos. Just minutes after the explosions, a perimeter was established around the area of the attack, medics were treating the wounded, and calls for evacuation vehicles and helicopters were already being sent out. Remarkably, the very people who should have been organizing all of this were the ones lying on the stretchers, seriously wounded. It fell to junior officers and untested sergeants to take charge and lead. Without hesitation everyone stepped up and unfalteringly did just that. I stood in amazement as two captains (Townlee Hendrick and Tony Jones) directed the evacuation of the wounded, established a hasty defense, and helped to organize a search for the culprit. They did all this despite bleeding heavily from their wounds. For over six hours, these two men ran things while refusing to be evacuated until they were sure all of the men in their command were safe.
Two days later Capt. Jones left the hospital and hitchhiked back to the unit: He had heard a rumor that it was about to move into Iraq and he wanted to be there. As Jones-dressed only in boots, a hospital gown, and a flak vest-limped toward headquarters, Col. Hodges, the 1st Brigade's commander, announced, "I see that Captain Jones has returned to us in full martial splendor." The colonel later said that he was tempted to send Jones to the unit surgeon for further evaluation, but that he didn't feel he had the right to tell another man not to fight: Hodges himself had elected to leave two grenade fragments in his arm so that he could return to his command as quickly as possible.
The war had not even begun and already I was aware that I had fallen in with a special breed of men. Over the next four weeks, nothing I saw would alter this impression. A military historian once told me that soldiers could forgive their officers any fault save cowardice. After the grenade attack I knew these men were not cowards, but I had yet to learn that the brigade's leaders had made a cult of bravery. A few examples will suffice.
While out on what he called "battlefield circulation," Col. Hodges was surveying suspected enemy positions with one of his battalion commanders (Lt. Col. Chris Hughes) when a soldier yelled "Incoming" to alert everyone that mortar shells were headed our way. A few soldiers moved closer to a wall, but Hodges and Hughes never budged and only briefly glanced up when the rounds hit a few hundred yards away. As Hodges completed his review and prepared to leave, another young soldier asked him when they would get to kill whoever was firing the mortar. Hodges smiled and said, "Don't be in a hurry to kill him.>They might replace that guy with someone who can shoot."
The next day, a convoy Col. Hodges was traveling in was ambushed by several Iraqi paramilitary soldiers. A ferocious firefight ensued, but Hodges never left the side of his vehicle. Puffing on a cigar as he directed the action, Hodges remained constantly exposed to fire. When two Kiowa helicopters swooped in to pulverize the enemy strongpoint with rocket fire, he turned to some journalists watching the action and quipped, "That's your tax dollars at work."
Bravery inspires men, but brains and quick thinking win wars. In one particularly tense moment, a company of U.S. soldiers was preparing to guard the Mosque of Ali-one of the most sacred Muslim sites-when agitators in what had been a friendly crowd started shouting that they were going to storm the mosque. In an instant, the Iraqis began to chant and a riot seemed imminent. A couple of nervous soldiers slid their weapons into fire mode, and I thought we were only moments away from a slaughter. These soldiers had just fought an all-night battle. They were exhausted, tense, and prepared to crush any riot with violence of their own. But they were also professionals, and so, when their battalion commander, Chris Hughes, ordered them to take a knee, point their weapons to the ground, and start smiling, that is exactly what they did. Calm returned. By placing his men in the most non-threatening posture possible, Hughes had sapped the crowd of its aggression. Quick thinking and iron discipline had reversed an ugly situation and averted disaster.
Since then, I have often wondered how we created an army of men who could fight with ruthless savagery all night and then respond so easily to an order to "smile" while under impending threat. Historian Stephen Ambrose said of the American soldier: "When soldiers from any other army, even our allies, entered a town, the people hid in the cellars. When Americans came in, even into German towns, it meant smiles, chocolate bars and C-rations." Ours has always been an army like no other, because our soldiers reflect a society unlike any other. They are pitiless when confronted by armed enemy fighters and yet full of compassion for civilians and even defeated enemies.
American soldiers immediately began saving Iraqi lives at the conclusion of any fight. Medics later said that the Iraqi wounded they treated were astounded by our compassion. They expected they would be left to suffer or die. I witnessed Iraqi paramilitary troops using women and children as human shields, turning grade schools into fortresses, and defiling their own holy sites. Time and again, I saw Americans taking unnecessary risks to clear buildings without firing or using grenades, because it might injure civilians. I stood in awe as 19-year-olds refused to return enemy fire because it was coming from a mosque.
It was American soldiers who handed over food to hungry Iraqis, who gave their own medical supplies to Iraqi doctors, and who brought water to the thirsty. It was American soldiers who went door-to-door in a slum because a girl was rumored to have been injured in the fighting; when they found her, they called in a helicopter to take her to an Army hospital. It was American soldiers who wept when a three-year-old was carried out of the rubble where she had been killed by Iraqi mortar fire. It was American soldiers who cleaned up houses they had been fighting over and later occupied-they wanted the places to look at least somewhat tidy when the residents returned.
It was these same soldiers who stormed to Baghdad in only a couple of weeks, accepted the surrender of three Iraqi Army divisions, massacred any Republican Guard unit that stood and fought, and disposed of a dictator and a regime with ruthless efficiency. There is no other army-and there are no other soldiers - - in the world capable of such merciless fighting and possessed of such compassion for their fellow man. No society except America could have produced them.
Before I end this I want to point out one other quality of the American soldier: his sense of justice. After a grueling fight, a company of infantrymen was resting and opening their first mail delivery of the war. One of the young soldiers had received a care package and was sharing the home-baked cookies with his friends. A photographer with a heavy French accent asked if he could have one. The soldier looked him over and said there would be no cookies for Frenchmen. The photographer then protested that he was half Italian. Without missing a beat, the soldier broke a cookie in half and gave it to him. It was a perfect moment and a perfect reflection of the American soldier.
Vic:
your right, i forgot the K-ton thing.
But still, fat man and little boy were tiny nukes by todays standards.
The davey crocket has the same power as little boy, and weights about 100 lbs. That is the smallest one in USA arsenal, according to howstuffworks.com
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